-- 基本查询
select * from pet
-- 列出指定的列
select name, owner form pet
-- 直接进行算术运算，对字段起别名
select sin(1+2) as sin
--where 条件
select * from pet where (birth>'1980' and species='dog') or species='bird'
-- 对null 的条件
select * from pet where sex is not null
-- 所有名字第四位是n 的宠物信息是
select * from pet where owner like '___n%'
-- 所有主人名叫gwen 或benny 的宠物
select * from pet where owner in ('gwen' , 'benny')
-- 查询出生日期在90 年代是宠物，相当与 >= and <=
select * from pet where birth between '1990' and '1999'
-- 按主人姓名排序，相同的按宠物姓名倒序排列
select * from pet order by owner, name desc
-- 查询性别为公的宠物，按生日倒序排列
select * from pet where sex='m' order by birth desc
--char_lenngth() 返回的字符的长度，length() 返回字节长度
SELECT owner,length(owner),char_length(owner) FROM pet p;
-- 列出养有宠物狗的人名
select distinct owner from pet where species='dog'
-- 用两种方法查询出所有狗和猫的名字、出生年份、出生月份
select name, left(birth,4) as year, mid(birth, 6, 2) as month from pet
where species='dog' or species='cat'
select name, year(birth) as year, month(birth) as month from pet
where species in('dog','cat')
-- 查询所有名字中存在字母'e' 的人，将他们养的宠物按类别、年龄排序
select name, species, birth
from pet
where owner like '%e%'
order by species,birth desc
-- 数字函数
select round(2.345,2), truncate(2.345,2), mod(323,5)
-- 日期函数
select now(), curdate(), curtime()
select adddate('2007-02-02', interval 31 day)
-- 求出所有宠物的年龄
select name,birth,
truncate(datediff(now(),birth)/365,0) as age1,
year(now())-year(birth) - (dayofyear(birth)>dayofyear(now())) as age2
from pet
-- 分组函数
select min(birth),max(birth),avg(birth),count(*),count(sex),
sum(birth)
from pet
-- 每种宠物各有几只
select species,count(*)
from pet
group by species
-- 查询年龄最大的宠物的信息
select * from pet where birth =
(select max(birth) from pet)
-- 每年各出生了几只宠物
select year(birth), count(*) from pet group by year(birth)
-- 鸟和猫的性别比例
select species, sex, count(*)
from pet
where species in ('cat','bird')
group by species, sex
-- 各种宠物年龄的和
select species, sum(truncate(datediff(now(),birth)/365,0)) as SumAge
from pet
group by species
-- 数量大于1 的宠物种类
select species, count(*) as c
from pet
group by species
having c>=2
-- 基本双表关联
select a.name,a.species, a.sex,b.date, b.type, b.remark
from pet a,event b
where a.name = b.name
-- 查询宠物产仔时的年龄
select a.name, a.species,
truncate(datediff(b.date,a.birth)/365,0) as age
from pet a,event b
where a.name = b.name and b.type='litter'
--90 年代出生的狗的事件列表
select a.name,birth,species,sex,date,type,remark
from pet a,event b
where a.name=b.name and birth between '1990' and '1999'
and species='dog'
-- 活着的宠物按发生的事件类型分组，看各种事件发生的次数
select type, count(*)
from pet a, event b
where a.name=b.name and a.death is null
group by type
-- 记录的事件数量超过1 条的宠物信息
select a.name,species,sex,count(*)
from pet a, event b
where a.name = b.name
group by b.name
having count(*)>=2
-- 列出发生了两件事情的宠物的事件记录信息
select a.name,type,date,remark,b.species,b.sex,b.owner
from event a, pet b
where a.name=b.name and
b.name in
(
select name
from event
group by name
having count(*)=2
)
-- 插入语句
insert into pet (name,species,birth)
values ('KKK','snake','2007-01-01');
insert into pet
values ('KK','Diane','cat','f',null,null);
insert into pet set name='k',owner='Benny'
-- 更新语句
update pet set species='snake',sex='f',birth=now()
where name='k'
-- 将事件表中生日的日期，更新到pet 表中相应宠物的birth 字段
update pet a
set birth = (
select date
from event b
where a.name=b.name and b.type='birthday'
)
where a.name in (
select name
from event
where type='birthday'
)
-- 删除语句
delete from pet where name like 'k%'
基本查询语句
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE 1 //简单查询
SELECT id,uid FROM newdb.`test` WHERE 1 //查询ID、UID等字段
SELECT remark as r FROM `test` WHERE 1 //别名查询
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE id=1,3 //条件查询，相等
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE id<>2,3 //条件按查，不相等
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE id in (1,2,4) //in查询，即查询ID为1，2，4的数据
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE not in (2,3) //in查询，查询ID不是2，3的数据
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE `uid` like '%王%' //like模糊查询，%*%前后匹配
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE id BETWEEN 1 and 3 //条件查询，中间数据
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE id NOT BETWEEN 1and3 //条件查询
SELECT * FROM `test` WHERE id=1 and `remark`='学生' //多个条件
SELECT * FROM `test` group by `remark` //查询排序
SELECT * FROM `test` order by `regdate` ASC //order by升序排序,放到limit之前
SELECT * FROM `test` order by `regdate` ASC,id DESC //order by按照注册时间升序，ID降序
ASC 升序、DESC降序。
SELECT * FROM `test` limit 0,3 //数据条数限制，输出三条
SELECT count(*) FROM `test` WHERE 1 //统计查询，可以查询单个统计，例如count(name)
SELECT max(id) FROM `test` WHERE 1 //统计ID最大值是多少
以下三个和以上max用法类似
MIN(*)最小值函数
AVG(*)平均值函数
SUM(*)累计值函数
基本插入语句：
insert into test (`id`,`uid`,`regdate`,`remark`) values ('','PHP100','2008-07-26','工人')//ID自增，
insert into test (`id`,`uid`,`regdate`,`remark`) values ('','PHP100','now()','工人')
insert into test values ('','PHP200','now()','工人') //简便写法，但不提倡
更新语句：
update test set uid='php200' where id=6 //set 后是要改后的内容。where 后是更改位置
删除语句：
Delete from dbname.`test` where id=3