C#调用存储过程详解(带返回值、参数输入输出等)

本文实例讲述了C#调用存储过程的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetNameById] @studentid varchar(8), @studentname nvarchar(50) OUTPUT AS BEGIN SELECT @studentname=studentname FROM student WHERE studentid=@studentid if @@Error<>0 RETURN -1 else RETURN 0 END

using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr)) { try { SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("GetNameById", conn); cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@studentid", "09888888");//给输入参数赋值 SqlParameter parOutput =cmd.Parameters.Add("@studentname", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);//定义输出参数 parOutput.Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;//参数类型为Output SqlParameter parReturn = new SqlParameter("@return", SqlDbType.Int); parReturn.Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; //参数类型为ReturnValue cmd.Parameters.Add(parReturn); conn.Open(); cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); MessageBox.Show(parOutput.Value.ToString()); //显示输出参数的值 MessageBox.Show(parReturn.Value.ToString());//显示返回值 } catch (System.Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } }

Create PROCEDURE AddOrderTran @country nvarchar(100), @adds nvarchar(100), @ynames nvarchar(100), @pids nvarchar(100), @cellp nvarchar(100), @cphone nvarchar(100), @amounts nvarchar(100), @cartnumber nvarchar(100) as Declare @id int BEGIN TRANSACTION insert into Orders(Order_Country,Order_Adress,Order_UserName,Order_PostID,Cells,Order_Phone,Total_pay,CartNumber,IsPay) values (@country,@adds,@ynames,@pids,@cellp,@cphone,@amounts,@cartnumber,'0') Select @id=@@identity insert into Orders_Item (OrderNumber,ProductsID,Products_Color,Products_Price,Order_Qty,Item_Total) select @id,Carts_Item.ProductsID,Carts_Item.Products_Color,Carts_Item.Products_Price,Carts_Item.Item_Qty,Carts_Item.Total_Pay from Carts_Item where Carts_Item.CartNumber=@cartnumber delete Carts_Item where CartNumber=@cartnumber IF @@error <> 0 --发生错误 BEGIN ROLLBACK TRANSACTION RETURN 0 END ELSE BEGIN COMMIT TRANSACTION RETURN @id --执行成功 END

#region 执行存储过程 SqlParameter[] param = new SqlParameter[] { new SqlParameter("@country",country), new SqlParameter("@adds",adds), new SqlParameter("@ynames",ynames), new SqlParameter("@pids", pids), new SqlParameter("@cellp",cellp), new SqlParameter("@cphone", cphone), new SqlParameter("@amounts",amounts), new SqlParameter("@cartnumber",cartnumber), new SqlParameter("@return",SqlDbType.Int) }; param[8].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; MSCL.SqlHelper.RunProcedure("AddOrderTran", param); object obj = param[8].Value; //接受返回值 //string connStr = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ConStr"].ToString(); //using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr)) //{ // conn.Open(); // SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("AddOrderTran", conn); // cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // SqlParameter para1 = new SqlParameter("@country", country); // para1.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; //参数方向为输入参数 // cmd.Parameters.Add(para1); // SqlParameter para2 = new SqlParameter("@adds", adds); // para2.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; // cmd.Parameters.Add(para2); // SqlParameter para3 = new SqlParameter("@ynames", ynames); // para3.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; // cmd.Parameters.Add(para3); // SqlParameter para4 = new SqlParameter("@pids", pids); // para4.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; // cmd.Parameters.Add(para4); // SqlParameter para5 = new SqlParameter("@cellp", cellp); // para5.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; // cmd.Parameters.Add(para5); // SqlParameter para6 = new SqlParameter("@cphone", cphone); // para6.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; // cmd.Parameters.Add(para6); // SqlParameter para7 = new SqlParameter("@amounts", amounts); // para7.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; // cmd.Parameters.Add(para7); // SqlParameter para8 = new SqlParameter("@cartnumber", cartnumber); // para8.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; // cmd.Parameters.Add(para8); // SqlParameter paraReturn = new SqlParameter("@return", SqlDbType.Int); // paraReturn.Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; //参数方向为返回参数 // cmd.Parameters.Add(paraReturn); // cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); // object obj = paraReturn; // if (obj.ToString() == "0") // { // //存储过程执行失败 // } // else // { // //成功 // } //} //#endregion

本文的数据库用的是sql server自带数据Northwind

1.只返回单一记录集的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); // 设置sql连接 cmd.Connection = sqlconn; // 如果执行语句 cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest1"; // 指定执行语句为存储过程 cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // 填充dataset dp.Fill(ds); // 以下是显示效果 GridView1.DataSource = ds; GridView1.DataBind();

存储过程Categoriestest1

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest1 AS select * from Categories GO

2. 没有输入输出的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); cmd.Connection = sqlconn; cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest2"; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; sqlconn.Open(); // 执行并显示影响行数 Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString(); sqlconn.Close();

存储过程Categoriestest2

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest2 AS insert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture]) values ('test1','test1',null) GO

3. 有返回值的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); cmd.Connection = sqlconn; cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest3"; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数 IDataParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4) }; // 将参数类型设置为返回值类型 parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; // 添加参数 cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]); sqlconn.Open(); // 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数 Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString(); sqlconn.Close(); // 显示影响的行数和返回值 Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString() ;

存储过程Categoriestest3

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest3 AS insert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture]) values ('test1','test1',null) return @@rowcount GO

4. 有输入参数和输出参数的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); cmd.Connection = sqlconn; cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest4"; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数 IDataParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) , new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) , }; // 设置参数类型 parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output; // 设置为输出参数 parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName"; // 添加参数 cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]); cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]); sqlconn.Open(); // 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数 Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString(); sqlconn.Close(); // 显示影响的行数和输出参数 Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString() ;

存储过程Categoriestest4

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest4 @id int output, @CategoryName nvarchar(15) AS insert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture]) values (@CategoryName,'test1',null) set @id = @@IDENTITY GO

5. 同时具有返回值、输入参数、输出参数的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); cmd.Connection = sqlconn; cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest5"; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数 IDataParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) , new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) , new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4) }; // 设置参数类型 parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output; // 设置为输出参数 parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName"; // 给输入参数赋值 parameters[2].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; // 设置为返回值 // 添加参数 cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]); cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]); cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[2]); sqlconn.Open(); // 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数 Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString(); sqlconn.Close(); // 显示影响的行数，输出参数和返回值 Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString() + "-" + parameters[2].Value.ToString();

存储过程Categoriestest5

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest5 @id int output, @CategoryName nvarchar(15) AS insert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture]) values (@CategoryName,'test1',null) set @id = @@IDENTITY return @@rowcount GO

6. 同时返回参数和记录集的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); cmd.Connection = sqlconn; cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest6"; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数 IDataParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) , new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) , new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4) // 返回值 }; // 设置参数类型 parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output; // 设置为输出参数 parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName"; // 给输入参数赋值 parameters[2].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; // 设置为返回值 // 添加参数 cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]); cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]); cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[2]); SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // 填充dataset dp.Fill(ds); // 显示结果集 GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; GridView1.DataBind(); Label1.Text = ""; // 显示输出参数和返回值 Label1.Text += parameters[0].Value.ToString() + "-" + parameters[2].Value.ToString();

存储过程Categoriestest6

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest6 @id int output, @CategoryName nvarchar(15) AS insert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture]) values (@CategoryName,'test1',null) set @id = @@IDENTITY select * from Categories return @@rowcount GO

7. 返回多个记录集的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); cmd.Connection = sqlconn; cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest7"; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // 填充dataset dp.Fill(ds); // 显示结果集1 GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; GridView1.DataBind(); // 显示结果集2 GridView2.DataSource = ds.Tables[1]; GridView2.DataBind();

存储过程Categoriestest7

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest7 AS select * from Categories select * from Categories GO

希望本文所述对大家C#程序设计有所帮助。