Excel 中的透视表对于数据分析来说，非常的方便，而且很多业务人员对于Excel的操作也是非常熟悉的，因此用Excel作为分析数据的界面，不失为一种很好的选择。那么如何用C#从数据库中抓取数据，并在Excel 动态生成PivotTable呢？下面结合实例来说明。
一般来说，数据库的设计都遵循规范化的原则，从而减少数据的冗余，但是对于数据分析来说，数据冗余能够提高数据加载的速度，因此为了演示透视表，这里现在数据库中建立一个视图，将需要分析的数据整合到一个视图中。如下图所示：
数据源准备好后，我们先来建立一个web应用程序，然后用NuGet加载Epplus程序包，如下图所示：
在index.aspx前台页面中，编写如下脚本：
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="index.aspx.cs" Inherits="ExcelPivot.Web.index" %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <title>Excel PivotTable</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div id="container"> <div id="contents"> <div id="post"> <header> <h1> Excel PivotTable </h1> </header> <div id="metro-array"> <div> <a> <input type="button" runat="server" id="Button1" name="btn1" value="回款情况分析" onserverclick="btn1_ServerClick" /> </a> <a> <input type="button" runat="server" id="Button2" name="btn1" value="sampe1" onserverclick="btn1_ServerClick" /> </a> </div> <div> <a> <input type="button" runat="server" id="btn1" name="btn1" value="sampe1" onserverclick="btn1_ServerClick" /> </a> </div> <div> <a> <input type="button" runat="server" id="Button3" name="btn1" value="sampe1" onserverclick="btn1_ServerClick" /> </a> <a> <input type="button" runat="server" id="Button4" name="btn1" value="sampe1" onserverclick="btn1_ServerClick" /> </a> <a> <input type="button" runat="server" id="Button5" name="btn1" value="sampe1" onserverclick="btn1_ServerClick" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form> </body> <script src="js/tileJs.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </html>
其中 TileJs是一个开源的构建类似win8 Metro风格的javascript库。
编写后台脚本：
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using OfficeOpenXml; using OfficeOpenXml.Table; using OfficeOpenXml.ConditionalFormatting; using OfficeOpenXml.Style; using OfficeOpenXml.Utils; using OfficeOpenXml.Table.PivotTable; using System.IO; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Data; namespace ExcelPivot.Web { public partial class index : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private DataTable getDataSource() { //createDataTable(); //return ProductInfo; SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(); conn.ConnectionString = "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=olap;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=sa"; conn.Open(); SqlDataAdapter ada = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from v_pm_olap_test", conn); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); ada.Fill(ds); return ds.Tables[0]; } protected void btn1_ServerClick(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { DataTable table = getDataSource(); string path = "_demo_" + System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString().Replace("-", "_") + ".xls"; //string path = "_demo.xls"; FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(path); var excel = new ExcelPackage(fileInfo); var wsPivot = excel.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("Pivot"); var wsData = excel.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("Data"); wsData.Cells["A1"].LoadFromDataTable(table, true, OfficeOpenXml.Table.TableStyles.Medium6); if (table.Rows.Count != 0) { foreach (DataColumn col in table.Columns) { if (col.DataType == typeof(System.DateTime)) { var colNumber = col.Ordinal + 1; var range = wsData.Cells[2, colNumber, table.Rows.Count + 1, colNumber]; range.Style.Numberformat.Format = "yyyy-MM-dd"; } else { } } } var dataRange = wsData.Cells[wsData.Dimension.Address.ToString()]; dataRange.AutoFitColumns(); var pivotTable = wsPivot.PivotTables.Add(wsPivot.Cells["A1"], dataRange, "Pivot"); pivotTable.MultipleFieldFilters = true; pivotTable.RowGrandTotals = true; pivotTable.ColumGrandTotals = true; pivotTable.Compact = true; pivotTable.CompactData = true; pivotTable.GridDropZones = false; pivotTable.Outline = false; pivotTable.OutlineData = false; pivotTable.ShowError = true; pivotTable.ErrorCaption = "[error]"; pivotTable.ShowHeaders = true; pivotTable.UseAutoFormatting = true; pivotTable.ApplyWidthHeightFormats = true; pivotTable.ShowDrill = true; pivotTable.FirstDataCol = 3; //pivotTable.RowHeaderCaption = "行"; //row field var field004 = pivotTable.Fields["销售客户经理"]; pivotTable.RowFields.Add(field004); var field001 = pivotTable.Fields["项目简称"]; pivotTable.RowFields.Add(field001); //field001.ShowAll = false; //column field var field002 = pivotTable.Fields["年"]; pivotTable.ColumnFields.Add(field002); field002.Sort = OfficeOpenXml.Table.PivotTable.eSortType.Ascending; var field005 = pivotTable.Fields["月"]; pivotTable.ColumnFields.Add(field005); field005.Sort = OfficeOpenXml.Table.PivotTable.eSortType.Ascending; //data field var field003 = pivotTable.Fields["回款金额"]; field003.Sort = OfficeOpenXml.Table.PivotTable.eSortType.Descending; pivotTable.DataFields.Add(field003); pivotTable.RowGrandTotals = false; pivotTable.ColumGrandTotals = false; //save file excel.Save(); //open excel file string file = @"C:Windowsexplorer.exe"; System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(file, path); } catch (Exception ex) { Response.Write(ex.Message); } } } }
编译运行，如下图所示：
单击 [回款情况分析]，稍等片刻，会打开Excel，并自动生成透视表，如下图所示：
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