C++实现随机生成迷宫地牢_C语言教程-查字典教程网

可以用这个地图核心做成一个无限迷宫类的游戏

main.cpp

// Author: FreeKnight 2014-09-02 #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <random> #include <cassert> /* 简单逻辑流程描述：将整个地图填满土在地图中间挖一个房间出来选中某一房间（如果有多个的话）的墙壁确定要修建某种新元素查看从选中的墙延伸出去是否有足够的空间承载新的元素如果有的话继续，不然就返回第 3 步从选中的墙处增加新的元素返回第 3 步，直到地牢建设完成在地图的随机点上安排上楼和下楼的楼梯最后，放进去怪兽和物品 */ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 暂时支持的最大的地图块个数 #define MAX_TILES_NUM 10000 // 房间的大小 #define MAX_ROOM_WIDTH 8 #define MAX_ROOM_HEIGHT 8 #define MIN_ROOM_WIDTH 4 #define MIN_ROOM_HEIGHT 4 // 房间和走廊的合计最大个数 #define DEFAULT_FEATURE_NUM 1000 // 尝试生成房间和走廊的测试次数（即步长） #define MAX_TRY_TIMES 1000 // 默认创建房间的概率（100-该值则为创建走廊的概率） #define DEFAULT_CREATE_ROOM_CHANCE 70 // 走廊长度 #define MIN_CORRIDOR_LEN 3 #define MAX_CORRIDOR_LEN 6 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 格子块 enum class Tile { Unused, // 没用的格子（土块） DirtWall, // 墙壁 DirtFloor, // 房间地板 Corridor, // 走廊 Door, // 房门 UpStairs, // 入口 DownStairs // 出口 }; //------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 朝向 enum class Direction { North, // 北 South, // 南 East, // 东 West, // 西 }; //------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class Map { public: Map(): xSize(0), ySize(0), data() { } // 构造函数，全屏填土 Map(int x, int y, Tile value = Tile::Unused): xSize(x), ySize(y), data(x * y, value) { } // 填充某块类型 void SetCell(int x, int y, Tile celltype) { assert(IsXInBounds(x)); assert(IsYInBounds(y)); data[x + xSize * y] = celltype; } // 获取某块类型 Tile GetCell(int x, int y) const { assert(IsXInBounds(x)); assert(IsYInBounds(y)); return data[x + xSize * y]; } // 设置一块区域为指定类型块 void SetCells(int xStart, int yStart, int xEnd, int yEnd, Tile cellType) { assert(IsXInBounds(xStart) && IsXInBounds(xEnd)); assert(IsYInBounds(yStart) && IsYInBounds(yEnd)); assert(xStart <= xEnd); assert(yStart <= yEnd); for (auto y = yStart; y != yEnd + 1; ++y) { for (auto x = xStart; x != xEnd + 1; ++x) { SetCell(x, y, cellType); } } } // 判断一块是否在有效范围内 bool IsXInBounds(int x) const { return x >= 0 && x < xSize; } // 判断一块是否在有效范围内 bool IsYInBounds(int y) const { return y >= 0 && y < ySize; } // 判断一个区域是否已被使用过 bool IsAreaUnused(int xStart, int yStart, int xEnd, int yEnd) { assert(IsXInBounds(xStart) && IsXInBounds(xEnd)); assert(IsYInBounds(yStart) && IsYInBounds(yEnd)); assert(xStart <= xEnd); assert(yStart <= yEnd); for (auto y = yStart; y != yEnd + 1; ++y) { for (auto x = xStart; x != xEnd + 1; ++x) { if (GetCell(x, y) != Tile::Unused) { return false; } } } return true; } // 判断一个地图块周围是否临接某种地图块 bool IsAdjacent(int x, int y, Tile tile) { assert(IsXInBounds(x - 1) && IsXInBounds(x + 1)); assert(IsYInBounds(y - 1) && IsYInBounds(y + 1)); return (GetCell(x - 1, y) == tile || GetCell(x + 1, y) == tile || GetCell(x, y - 1) == tile || GetCell(x, y + 1) == tile); } // 输出地图 void Print() const { for (auto y = 0; y != ySize; y++) { for (auto x = 0; x != xSize; x++) { switch(GetCell(x, y)) { case Tile::Unused: std::cout << " "; break; case Tile::DirtWall: std::cout << "#"; break; case Tile::DirtFloor: std::cout << "_"; break; case Tile::Corridor: std::cout << "."; break; case Tile::Door: std::cout << "+"; break; case Tile::UpStairs: std::cout << "<"; break; case Tile::DownStairs: std::cout << ">"; break; }; } std::cout << std::endl; } std::cout << std::endl; } private: // 地图总宽高 int xSize, ySize; // 全部地图块数据 std::vector<Tile> data; }; //------------------------------------------------------------------------------- class DungeonGenerator { public: int m_nSeed; // 随机数种子 int m_nXSize, m_nYSize; // 地图最大宽高 int m_nMaxFeatures; // 房间和走廊的最大个数 int m_nChanceRoom; // 创建房间的概率【0,100】 int m_nChanceCorridor; // 创建走廊的概率【0,100】该概率+创建房间的概率应当 = 100 typedef std::mt19937 RngT; public: DungeonGenerator( int XSize, int YSize ): m_nSeed(std::random_device()()), m_nXSize( XSize ), m_nYSize( YSize ), m_nMaxFeatures( DEFAULT_FEATURE_NUM ), m_nChanceRoom( DEFAULT_CREATE_ROOM_CHANCE ) { m_nChanceCorridor = 100 - m_nChanceRoom; } Map Generate() { assert( m_nMaxFeatures > 0 && m_nMaxFeatures <= DEFAULT_FEATURE_NUM); assert( m_nXSize > 3 ); assert( m_nYSize > 3 ); auto rng = RngT(m_nSeed); // step1: 满地图填土 auto map = Map(m_nXSize, m_nYSize, Tile::Unused); MakeDungeon(map, rng); return map; } private: // 获取随机int int GetRandomInt(RngT& rng, int min, int max) const { return std::uniform_int_distribution<int>(min, max)(rng); } // 获取随机方向 Direction GetRandomDirection(RngT& rng) const { return Direction(std::uniform_int_distribution<int>( static_cast<int>(Direction::North), static_cast<int>(Direction::West) )(rng)); } // 创建走廊 bool MakeCorridor(Map& map, RngT& rng, int x, int y, int maxLength, Direction direction) const { assert(x >= 0 && x < m_nXSize); assert(y >= 0 && y < m_nYSize); assert(maxLength > 0 && maxLength <= std::max(m_nXSize, m_nYSize)); // 设置走廊长度 auto length = GetRandomInt(rng, MIN_CORRIDOR_LEN, maxLength); auto xStart = x; auto yStart = y; auto xEnd = x; auto yEnd = y; if (direction == Direction::North) yStart = y - length; else if (direction == Direction::East) xEnd = x + length; else if (direction == Direction::South) yEnd = y + length; else if (direction == Direction::West) xStart = x - length; // 检查整个走廊是否在地图内 if (!map.IsXInBounds(xStart) || !map.IsXInBounds(xEnd) || !map.IsYInBounds(yStart) || !map.IsYInBounds(yEnd)) return false; // 检查走廊区域是否有被占用 if (!map.IsAreaUnused(xStart, yStart, xEnd, yEnd)) return false; map.SetCells(xStart, yStart, xEnd, yEnd, Tile::Corridor); return true; } // 创造房间 bool MakeRoom(Map& map, RngT& rng, int x, int y, int xMaxLength, int yMaxLength, Direction direction) const { assert( xMaxLength >= MIN_ROOM_WIDTH ); assert( yMaxLength >= MIN_ROOM_HEIGHT ); // 创建的房间最小是4 * 4，随机出房间大小 auto xLength = GetRandomInt(rng, MIN_ROOM_WIDTH, xMaxLength); auto yLength = GetRandomInt(rng, MIN_ROOM_HEIGHT, yMaxLength); auto xStart = x; auto yStart = y; auto xEnd = x; auto yEnd = y; // 根据房间朝向随机出房间起始和终结位置 if (direction == Direction::North) { yStart = y - yLength; xStart = x - xLength / 2; xEnd = x + (xLength + 1) / 2; } else if (direction == Direction::East) { yStart = y - yLength / 2; yEnd = y + (yLength + 1) / 2; xEnd = x + xLength; } else if (direction == Direction::South) { yEnd = y + yLength; xStart = x - xLength / 2; xEnd = x + (xLength + 1) / 2; } else if (direction == Direction::West) { yStart = y - yLength / 2; yEnd = y + (yLength + 1) / 2; xStart = x - xLength; } // 要保证生成的房间一定四个点都在地图中 if (!map.IsXInBounds(xStart) || !map.IsXInBounds(xEnd) || !map.IsYInBounds(yStart) || !map.IsYInBounds(yEnd)) return false; // 要保证房间所占用土地未被其他地占用 if (!map.IsAreaUnused(xStart, yStart, xEnd, yEnd)) return false; // 周围种墙 map.SetCells(xStart, yStart, xEnd, yEnd, Tile::DirtWall); // 房间内铺地板 map.SetCells(xStart + 1, yStart + 1, xEnd - 1, yEnd - 1, Tile::DirtFloor); return true; } // 创建一个房间或者走廊 bool MakeRoomOrCorridor(Map& map, RngT& rng, int x, int y, int xmod, int ymod, Direction direction) const { // 随机选择创建类型（房间或者走廊） auto chance = GetRandomInt(rng, 0, 100); if (chance <= m_nChanceRoom) { // 创建房间 if (MakeRoom(map, rng, x + xmod, y + ymod, MAX_ROOM_WIDTH, MAX_ROOM_HEIGHT, direction)) { // 当前位置设置门 map.SetCell(x, y, Tile::Door); // 删除门旁边的墙壁，改建为墙壁 map.SetCell(x + xmod, y + ymod, Tile::DirtFloor); return true; } return false; } else { // 创建走廊 if (MakeCorridor(map, rng, x + xmod, y + ymod, MAX_CORRIDOR_LEN, direction)) { // 当前位置设置门 map.SetCell(x, y, Tile::Door); return true; } return false; } } // 对全地图进行随机处理生成房间和走廊 bool MakeRandomFeature(Map& map, RngT& rng) const { for( auto tries = 0 ; tries != MAX_TRY_TIMES; ++tries) { // 获取一个有意义的地形格 int x = GetRandomInt(rng, 1, m_nXSize - 2); int y = GetRandomInt(rng, 1, m_nYSize - 2); // 获取一个随机墙壁或者走廊 if (map.GetCell(x, y) != Tile::DirtWall && map.GetCell(x, y) != Tile::Corridor) continue; // 保证该墙壁和走廊不临接门 if (map.IsAdjacent(x, y, Tile::Door)) continue; // 找个临接墙壁或者走廊的格子创建新房间或者走廊 if (map.GetCell(x, y+1) == Tile::DirtFloor || map.GetCell(x, y+1) == Tile::Corridor) { if (MakeRoomOrCorridor(map, rng, x, y, 0, -1, Direction::North)) return true; } else if (map.GetCell(x-1, y) == Tile::DirtFloor || map.GetCell(x-1, y) == Tile::Corridor) { if (MakeRoomOrCorridor(map, rng, x, y, 1, 0, Direction::East)) return true; } else if (map.GetCell(x, y-1) == Tile::DirtFloor || map.GetCell(x, y-1) == Tile::Corridor) { if (MakeRoomOrCorridor(map, rng, x, y, 0, 1, Direction::South)) return true; } else if (map.GetCell(x+1, y) == Tile::DirtFloor || map.GetCell(x+1, y) == Tile::Corridor) { if (MakeRoomOrCorridor(map, rng, x, y, -1, 0, Direction::West)) return true; } } return false; } // 随机制作出入口 bool MakeRandomStairs(Map& map, RngT& rng, Tile tile) const { auto tries = 0; auto maxTries = MAX_TILES_NUM; for ( ; tries != maxTries; ++tries) { // 随机获取一个非边缘的点 int x = GetRandomInt(rng, 1, m_nXSize - 2); int y = GetRandomInt(rng, 1, m_nYSize - 2); // 如果周围没有地板并且没有走廊（通路）的话，直接放弃 if (!map.IsAdjacent(x, y, Tile::DirtFloor) && !map.IsAdjacent(x, y, Tile::Corridor)) continue; // 周围不允许有门 if (map.IsAdjacent(x, y, Tile::Door)) continue; map.SetCell(x, y, tile); return true; } return false; } // 随机生成地牢 bool MakeDungeon(Map& map, RngT& rng) const { // step2 : 在正中间创建一个房间 MakeRoom(map, rng, m_nXSize / 2, m_nYSize / 2, MAX_ROOM_WIDTH, MAX_ROOM_HEIGHT, GetRandomDirection(rng)); for (auto features = 1; features != m_nMaxFeatures; ++features) { if (!MakeRandomFeature(map, rng)) { std::cout << "生成地牢已满。（当前房间和走廊个数为： " << features << "）." << std::endl; break; } } // 创建随机入口点 if (!MakeRandomStairs(map, rng, Tile::UpStairs)) std::cout << "创建入口点失败！" << std::endl; // 创建随机出口点 if (!MakeRandomStairs(map, rng, Tile::DownStairs)) std::cout << "创建出口点失败！" << std::endl; return true; } }; #include <windows.h> void ResetConsoleSize() { HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); // 获取标准输出设备句柄 CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO bInfo; // 窗口缓冲区信息 GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hOut, &bInfo ); COORD size = {1000, 800}; SetConsoleScreenBufferSize(hOut,size); // 重新设置缓冲区大小 SMALL_RECT rc = {0,0, 1000-1, 800-1}; // 重置窗口位置和大小 SetConsoleWindowInfo(hOut,true ,&rc); } void FlushReadme() { std::cout<< "=================================" << std::endl; std::cout<< " < 表示入口 " << std::endl; std::cout<< " > 表示出口 " << std::endl; std::cout<< " _ 下划线表示地板 " << std::endl; std::cout<< " # 表示墙壁 " << std::endl; std::cout<< " . 点表示走廊 " << std::endl; std::cout<< " + 表示门 " << std::endl; std::cout<< "纯黑表示啥都没有，是障碍" << std::endl; std::cout<< "=================================" << std::endl; } int main() { ResetConsoleSize(); FlushReadme(); DungeonGenerator* pGenerator = new DungeonGenerator( 150, 50 ); if( pGenerator == NULL ) return -1; auto map = pGenerator->Generate(); map.Print(); int n; std::cin >> n; }

演示图：

C++实现随机生成迷宫地牢1

以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望大家能够喜欢。