Android PickerView滚动选择器的使用方法_安卓软件开发教程-查字典教程网

摘要：手机里设置闹钟需要选择时间，那个选择时间的控件就是滚动选择器，前几天用手机刷了MIUI，发现自带的那个时间选择器效果挺好看的，于是就自己仿写...

手机里设置闹钟需要选择时间，那个选择时间的控件就是滚动选择器，前几天用手机刷了MIUI，发现自带的那个时间选择器效果挺好看的，于是就自己仿写了一个，权当练手。先来看效果：

Android PickerView滚动选择器的使用方法1

效果还行吧？实现思路就是自定义一个PickerView，单独滚动的是一个PickerView，显然上图中有分和秒的选择所以在布局里用了两个PickerView。由于这里不涉及到text的点击事件，所以只需要继承View就行了，直接把text用canvas画上去。PickerView的实现的主要难点：

难点1：

字体随距离的渐变。可以看到，text随离中心位置的距离变化而变化，这里变化的是透明度alpha和字体大小TexSize，这两个值我都设置了Max和Min值，通过其与中心点的距离计算scale。我用的是变化曲线是抛物线scale=1-ax^2(x<=Height/4),scale = 0(x>Height/4)，a=(4/Height)^2。x就是距离View中心的偏移量。用图片表示如下：

Android PickerView滚动选择器的使用方法2

难点2：

text的居中。绘制text的时候不仅要使其在x方向上居中，还要在y方向上居中，在x方向上比较简单，设置Paint的Align为Align.CENTER就行了，但是y方向上很蛋疼，需要计算text的baseline。

难点3：

循环滚动。为了解决循环滚动的问题我把存放text的List从中间往上下摊开，通过不断地moveHeadToTail和moveTailToHead使选中的text始终是list的中间position的值。

以上就是几个难点，了解了之后可以来看PickerView的代码了：

package com.jingchen.timerpicker; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.Paint.Align; import android.graphics.Paint.FontMetricsInt; import android.graphics.Paint.Style; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; /** * 滚动选择器 * * @author chenjing * */ public class PickerView extends View { public static final String TAG = "PickerView"; /** * text之间间距和minTextSize之比 */ public static final float MARGIN_ALPHA = 2.8f; /** * 自动回滚到中间的速度 */ public static final float SPEED = 2; private List<String> mDataList; /** * 选中的位置，这个位置是mDataList的中心位置，一直不变 */ private int mCurrentSelected; private Paint mPaint; private float mMaxTextSize = 80; private float mMinTextSize = 40; private float mMaxTextAlpha = 255; private float mMinTextAlpha = 120; private int mColorText = 0x333333; private int mViewHeight; private int mViewWidth; private float mLastDownY; /** * 滑动的距离 */ private float mMoveLen = 0; private boolean isInit = false; private onSelectListener mSelectListener; private Timer timer; private MyTimerTask mTask; Handler updateHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { if (Math.abs(mMoveLen) < SPEED) { mMoveLen = 0; if (mTask != null) { mTask.cancel(); mTask = null; performSelect(); } } else // 这里mMoveLen / Math.abs(mMoveLen)是为了保有mMoveLen的正负号，以实现上滚或下滚 mMoveLen = mMoveLen - mMoveLen / Math.abs(mMoveLen) * SPEED; invalidate(); } }; public PickerView(Context context) { super(context); init(); } public PickerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } public void setOnSelectListener(onSelectListener listener) { mSelectListener = listener; } private void performSelect() { if (mSelectListener != null) mSelectListener.onSelect(mDataList.get(mCurrentSelected)); } public void setData(List<String> datas) { mDataList = datas; mCurrentSelected = datas.size() / 2; invalidate(); } public void setSelected(int selected) { mCurrentSelected = selected; } private void moveHeadToTail() { String head = mDataList.get(0); mDataList.remove(0); mDataList.add(head); } private void moveTailToHead() { String tail = mDataList.get(mDataList.size() - 1); mDataList.remove(mDataList.size() - 1); mDataList.add(0, tail); } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); mViewHeight = getMeasuredHeight(); mViewWidth = getMeasuredWidth(); // 按照View的高度计算字体大小 mMaxTextSize = mViewHeight / 4.0f; mMinTextSize = mMaxTextSize / 2f; isInit = true; invalidate(); } private void init() { timer = new Timer(); mDataList = new ArrayList<String>(); mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL); mPaint.setTextAlign(Align.CENTER); mPaint.setColor(mColorText); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); // 根据index绘制view if (isInit) drawData(canvas); } private void drawData(Canvas canvas) { // 先绘制选中的text再往上往下绘制其余的text float scale = parabola(mViewHeight / 4.0f, mMoveLen); float size = (mMaxTextSize - mMinTextSize) * scale + mMinTextSize; mPaint.setTextSize(size); mPaint.setAlpha((int) ((mMaxTextAlpha - mMinTextAlpha) * scale + mMinTextAlpha)); // text居中绘制，注意baseline的计算才能达到居中，y值是text中心坐标 float x = (float) (mViewWidth / 2.0); float y = (float) (mViewHeight / 2.0 + mMoveLen); FontMetricsInt fmi = mPaint.getFontMetricsInt(); float baseline = (float) (y - (fmi.bottom / 2.0 + fmi.top / 2.0)); canvas.drawText(mDataList.get(mCurrentSelected), x, baseline, mPaint); // 绘制上方data for (int i = 1; (mCurrentSelected - i) >= 0; i++) { drawOtherText(canvas, i, -1); } // 绘制下方data for (int i = 1; (mCurrentSelected + i) < mDataList.size(); i++) { drawOtherText(canvas, i, 1); } } /** * @param canvas * @param position * 距离mCurrentSelected的差值 * @param type * 1表示向下绘制，-1表示向上绘制 */ private void drawOtherText(Canvas canvas, int position, int type) { float d = (float) (MARGIN_ALPHA * mMinTextSize * position + type * mMoveLen); float scale = parabola(mViewHeight / 4.0f, d); float size = (mMaxTextSize - mMinTextSize) * scale + mMinTextSize; mPaint.setTextSize(size); mPaint.setAlpha((int) ((mMaxTextAlpha - mMinTextAlpha) * scale + mMinTextAlpha)); float y = (float) (mViewHeight / 2.0 + type * d); FontMetricsInt fmi = mPaint.getFontMetricsInt(); float baseline = (float) (y - (fmi.bottom / 2.0 + fmi.top / 2.0)); canvas.drawText(mDataList.get(mCurrentSelected + type * position), (float) (mViewWidth / 2.0), baseline, mPaint); } /** * 抛物线 * * @param zero * 零点坐标 * @param x * 偏移量 * @return scale */ private float parabola(float zero, float x) { float f = (float) (1 - Math.pow(x / zero, 2)); return f < 0 ? 0 : f; } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { switch (event.getActionMasked()) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: doDown(event); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: doMove(event); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: doUp(event); break; } return true; } private void doDown(MotionEvent event) { if (mTask != null) { mTask.cancel(); mTask = null; } mLastDownY = event.getY(); } private void doMove(MotionEvent event) { mMoveLen += (event.getY() - mLastDownY); if (mMoveLen > MARGIN_ALPHA * mMinTextSize / 2) { // 往下滑超过离开距离 moveTailToHead(); mMoveLen = mMoveLen - MARGIN_ALPHA * mMinTextSize; } else if (mMoveLen < -MARGIN_ALPHA * mMinTextSize / 2) { // 往上滑超过离开距离 moveHeadToTail(); mMoveLen = mMoveLen + MARGIN_ALPHA * mMinTextSize; } mLastDownY = event.getY(); invalidate(); } private void doUp(MotionEvent event) { // 抬起手后mCurrentSelected的位置由当前位置move到中间选中位置 if (Math.abs(mMoveLen) < 0.0001) { mMoveLen = 0; return; } if (mTask != null) { mTask.cancel(); mTask = null; } mTask = new MyTimerTask(updateHandler); timer.schedule(mTask, 0, 10); } class MyTimerTask extends TimerTask { Handler handler; public MyTimerTask(Handler handler) { this.handler = handler; } @Override public void run() { handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage()); } } public interface onSelectListener { void onSelect(String text); } }

代码里的注释都写的很清楚了。接下来，我们就用写好的PickerView实现文章开头的图片效果吧~

首先看MainActivity的布局：

两个PickerView两个TextView，很简单。

下面是MainActivity的代码：

package com.jingchen.timerpicker; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import com.jingchen.timerpicker.PickerView.onSelectListener; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { PickerView minute_pv; PickerView second_pv; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); minute_pv = (PickerView) findViewById(R.id.minute_pv); second_pv = (PickerView) findViewById(R.id.second_pv); List<String> data = new ArrayList<String>(); List<String> seconds = new ArrayList<String>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { data.add("0" + i); } for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) { seconds.add(i < 10 " + i); } minute_pv.setData(data); minute_pv.setOnSelectListener(new onSelectListener() { @Override public void onSelect(String text) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "选择了 " + text + " 分", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); second_pv.setData(seconds); second_pv.setOnSelectListener(new onSelectListener() { @Override public void onSelect(String text) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "选择了 " + text + " 秒", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } }

OK了，自定义自己的TimerPicker就是这么简单

希望本文对大家学习滚动选择器PickerView有所帮助。