本文讲利用MySQL源码安装MySQL并用mysqld_multi配置多实例。

1、下载MySQL源码安装版本

到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载，本文下载的是5.1版本

复制代码 代码如下:

wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz

2、解压安装

复制代码 代码如下:

tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8

--with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler

--with-readline --with-big-tables

--with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5

make && make install

3、添加用户和用户组

复制代码 代码如下:

groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组

useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下

chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性

4、初始化数据目录

复制代码 代码如下:

#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db

#初始化四个数据目录

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql

#修改属性

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4

5、配置多实例启动脚本

从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下

复制代码 代码如下:

cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server

#修改basedir和bindir为安装路径

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

6、配置多实例数据库配置文件

用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法，命令为：mysqld_multi --example

在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去，修改相应属性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。

复制代码 代码如下:

[mysqld_multi]

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

#user = mysql

#password = my_password

[mysqld1]

socket = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock

port = 3306

pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid

datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql1

#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english

user = mysql

[mysqld2]

socket = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock

port = 3307

pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid

datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql2

#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english

user = mysql

[mysqld3]

socket = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock

port = 3308

pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid

datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql3

#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english

user = mysql

[mysqld4]

socket = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock

port = 3309

pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid

datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql4

#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english

user = mysql

7、启动多实例数据库

复制代码 代码如下:

将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

#查看数据库状态

mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report

#结果都为没有运行

Reporting MySQL servers

MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running

MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running

MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running

MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

#启动

mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start

#结果为

Reporting MySQL servers

MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running

MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running

MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running

MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

#启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等

8、查看运行结果

复制代码 代码如下:

#查看相应端口是否已经被监听

netstat -tunlp

#查看是否有活动进程

ps -aux|grep mysql

9、登录相应数据库

复制代码 代码如下:

#进入端口为3306的数据库

mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306

#通过sock文件登录

mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock

#查看socket文件

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';

#查看pid文件

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';