简介:

paramiko是python(2.2或更高)的模块,遵循SSH2协议实现了安全(加密和认证)连接远程机器。

安装所需软件包:

http://ftp.dlitz.net/pub/dlitz/crypto/pycrypto/pycrypto-2.5.tar.gz

http://www.lag.net/paramiko/download/paramiko-1.7.7.1.tar.gz

tar zxvf pycrypto-2.5.tar.gz cd pycrypto-2.5 python setup.py build python setup.py install tar zxvf paramiko-1.7.7.1.tar.gz cd paramiko-1.7.7.1 python setup.py build python setup.py install

脚本简单编写:

管理单台服务器:

脚本一：查询172.16.22.23磁盘使用情况

#!/usr/bin/python import paramiko hostname="172.16.22.23" port=22 username="root" password="larryroot" if __name__=="__main__": s=paramiko.SSHClient() s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) s.connect(hostname,port,username,password) stdin,stdout,sterr=s.exec_command("df -Th") print stdout.read() s.close()

脚本二：在远程服务器上执行相应命令

#!/usr/bin/python #by larry #2011/01/30 import sys import paramiko hostname=sys.argv[1] command = " ".join(sys.argv[2:]) port=22 username="root" password="larryroot" if __name__=="__main__": s=paramiko.SSHClient() s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) s.connect(hostname,port,username,password) stdin,stdout,sterr=s.exec_command(command) print stdout.read() s.close()

使用方法：

python single1.py ip地址 命令 [root@localhost ~]# python single1.py 172.16.22.23 df -TH

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 ext3 13G 6.0G 5.7G 52% / /dev/sda1 ext3 104M 12M 87M 13% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 61M 0 61M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda4 ext3 7.6G 465M 6.8G 7% /data /dev/sdb1 ext3 32G 5.9G 25G 20% /autocd [root@localhost ~]# python single1.py 172.16.22.23 free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 114 112 2 0 26 35 -/+ buffers/cache: 50 64 Swap: 1027 0 1027

脚本三:管理多台服务器：批量查询ip列表中对应服务器的磁盘使用情况

#!/usr/bin/python #by larry #2011/01/30 import paramiko port=22 username="root" file=open("ip.list") for line in file: hostname=str(line.split("t")[1]) password=str(line.split("t")[4]).strip() print "##########################",hostname,"########################" s=paramiko.SSHClient() s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) s.connect(hostname,port,username,password) stdin,stdout,sterr=s.exec_command("df -Th") print stdout.read() s.close() file.close()

用法：

[root@localhost ~]# python ssh.py

############################ 172.16.22.22 ######################## Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 ext3 12G 5.6G 5.3G 52% / /dev/sda1 ext3 99M 12M 83M 13% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 58M 0 58M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda4 ext3 7.1G 443M 6.3G 7% /data /dev/sdb1 ext3 30G 5.5G 23G 20% /autocd ############################ 172.16.22.23 ######################## Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 ext3 15G 2.6G 11G 19% / /dev/sda1 ext3 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 60M 0 60M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda4 ext3 33G 377M 31G 2% /data

ip.list文件内容：

dx 172.16.22.22 22 root larryroot wt 172.16.22.23 22 root larryroot

脚本四:类似于脚本二,在所有远程服务器上执行相应命令

#!/usr/bin/python #by larry #2011/01/30 import paramiko import sys port=22 username="root" command = " ".join(sys.argv[1:]) file=open("ip.list") for line in file: hostname=str(line.split("t")[1]) password=str(line.split("t")[4]).strip() print "##################",hostname,"######################" s=paramiko.SSHClient() s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) s.connect(hostname,port,username,password) stdin,stdout,sterr=s.exec_command(command) print stdout.read() s.close() file.close()

用法:

python ssh.py 命令

简单整理到这里通过python的paramiko模块可以很方便的管理服务器，文件的上传下载后续会整理出来。

SSH

下面是通过ssh的dsa或rsa公钥验证批量登录服务器执行命令：

#!/usr/bin/python #2012/02/02 by larry import paramiko import sys,os port=22 username="larry" key_file="~/.ssh/authorized_keys" know_host="/home/larry/.ssh/known_hosts" command=" ".join(sys.argv[1:]) ####获取命令行参数 file=open("ip.list") for line in file: hostname=str(line.split(" ")[1]) ####截取ip字段 print "#####################################",hostname,"###############################################" s=paramiko.SSHClient() s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) s.load_system_host_keys(know_host) s.connect(hostname,port,username,key_file) stdin,stdout,sterr=s.exec_command(command) print stdout.read().strip() s.close() file.close()

执行python脚本:

python sshkey.py df -h

################172.16.22.22######################## Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 14G 3.5G 9.7G 27% / /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-data 116G 47G 64G 43% /data /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 99M 13M 82M 14% /boot tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev/shm