将一个类的接口转换成客户希望的另外一个接口。使得原本由于接口不兼容而不能一起工作的那些类可以一起工作。
应用场景:希望复用一些现存的类,但是接口又与复用环境要求不一致。
模式特点:将一个类的接口转换成为客户希望的另外一个接口。
分类:类适配器(通过多重继承)、对象适配器。
来通过例子说明,下面是用户通过适配器使用一个类的方法
class Target: def Request(): print "common request." class Adaptee(Target): def SpecificRequest(self): print "specific request." class Adapter(Target): def __init__(self,ada): self.adaptee = ada def Request(self): self.adaptee.SpecificRequest() if __name__ == "__main__": adaptee = Adaptee() adapter = Adapter(adaptee) adapter.Request()
类图:
实例:
我们再来看一个简单的Adapter例子
#encoding=utf-8 # #by panda #适配器模式 def printInfo(info): print unicode(info, 'utf-8').encode('gbk') #球员类 class Player(): name = '' def __init__(self,name): self.name = name def Attack(self,name): pass def Defense(self): pass #前锋 class Forwards(Player): def __init__(self,name): Player.__init__(self,name) def Attack(self): printInfo("前锋%s 进攻" % self.name) def Defense(self,name): printInfo("前锋%s 防守" % self.name) #中锋(目标类) class Center(Player): def __init__(self,name): Player.__init__(self,name) def Attack(self): printInfo("中锋%s 进攻" % self.name) def Defense(self): printInfo("中锋%s 防守" % self.name) #后卫 class Guards(Player): def __init__(self,name): Player.__init__(self,name) def Attack(self): printInfo("后卫%s 进攻" % self.name) def Defense(self): printInfo("后卫%s 防守" % self.name) #外籍中锋(待适配类) #中锋 class ForeignCenter(Player): name = '' def __init__(self,name): Player.__init__(self,name) def ForeignAttack(self): printInfo("外籍中锋%s 进攻" % self.name) def ForeignDefense(self): printInfo("外籍中锋%s 防守" % self.name) #翻译(适配类) class Translator(Player): foreignCenter = None def __init__(self,name): self.foreignCenter = ForeignCenter(name) def Attack(self): self.foreignCenter.ForeignAttack() def Defense(self): self.foreignCenter.ForeignDefense() def clientUI(): b = Forwards('巴蒂尔') m = Guards('麦克格雷迪') ym = Translator('姚明') b.Attack() m.Defense() ym.Attack() ym.Defense() return if __name__ == '__main__': clientUI();