Import os; -- Python自带

print(os.getcwd()) -- 获得当前工作目录

os.chdir('/Users/longlong/Documents') -- 转换到/Users/longlong/Documents目录

os.path.join(parm1, parm2,...) -- 从一个或多个路径片段中构造一个路径名。

os.path.expanduser() -- 用来将包含～符号的路径扩展为完整的路径

复制代码 代码如下:

>>> pathname = '/Users/pilgrim/diveintopython3/examples/humansize.py'

>>> os.path.split(pathname) --('/Users/pilgrim/diveintopython3/examples', 'humansize.py'）罗列目录内容构造绝对路径

复制代码 代码如下:

>>> import os

>>> print(os.getcwd())

/Users/longlong/Documents

>>> os.chdir("./python/")

>>> os.getcwd()

'/Users/longlong/Documents/python'

>>> print(os.path.realpath('whileloop.py')

)

/Users/longlong/Documents/python/whileloop.py

>>> print(os.path.realpath("whileloop.py"))

/Users/longlong/Documents/python/whileloop.py

>>>

列表解析

复制代码 代码如下:

>>> [os.path.realpath(f) for f in glob.glob("*.py")]

['/Users/longlong/Documents/python/indices_over_two_objects.py', '/Users/longlong/Documents/python/loops_over_indices.py', '/Users/longlong/Documents/python/while_loops.py']<br>

>>> [f for f in glob.glob("*.py") if os.stat(f).st_size > 700]

['indices_over_two_objects.py', 'while_loops.py']

1

字典解析

>>> metadat_dict = { f:os.stat(f) for f in glob.glob('*.py')} >>> type(metadat_dict) <class 'dict'> >>> list(metadat_dict.keys()) ['indices_over_two_objects.py', 'while_loops.py', 'loops_over_indices.py'] >>> metadat_dict['indices_over_two_objects.py'].st_size 871

>>> list(metadat_dict.keys()) ['indices_over_two_objects.py', 'while_loops.py', 'loops_over_indices.py'] >>> a_dict = {'a':1, 'b':2,'c':3} >>> {value:key for key,value in a_dict.items()} {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c'}

集合解析

>>> a_set = set(range(10)) >>> a_set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} >>> {x**2 for x in a_set} {0, 1, 64, 4, 36, 9, 16, 49, 81, 25} >>> {x for x in a_set if x%2 == 0 } {0, 8, 2, 4, 6} >>> {2**x for x in range(10)} {32, 1, 2, 64, 4, 128, 256, 512, 8, 16}

以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望大家能够喜欢。